Types of Disability
- Autism
Autism is a distinct brain damage disorder that produces a characteristic range of behavioural abnormalities. Autism is known as a complex developmental disability. Experts believe that Autism presents itself during the first three years of a person's life. The condition is the result of a neurological disorder that has an effect on normal brain function, affecting development of the person's communication and social interaction skills. People with autism have issues with non-verbal communication, a wide range of social interactions, and activities that include an element of play and/or banter.
When a child is diagnosed with autism, it is a bewildering experience to say the least. The most comprehensive definition on autism has been brought out by the Autism Society of America (ASA) In lay terms, it is a neurological disorder that affects the way the child reacts to people and the environment (social bonding), learns language or communicates needs.
The degree may vary from mild to very severe and is hence it is known as Autism Spectrum Disorder. At the lower end it is known as Classic Autism and at the upper end it is called Asperger Syndrome.
Whatever the degree of autism and mental retardation, the child will learn and progress, if handled by trained persons. However the core feature of autism will remain life-long. In India a national survey has not been conducted to determine the prevalence of this disorder; according to a WHO report it is one out of 10, 000.If all the shades of autism (spectrum disorders) are included, it is more likely to be one out of 1000. Four times more boys have autism than girls. Genetic research indicates that (shades) of autism runs in families. At this time, we still do not know why autism happens.
- Cerebral Palsy
What is Cerebral Palsy ?
Cerebral palsy (CP) is an abnormality of motor function (as opposed to mental function) and postural tone that is acquired at an early age, even before birth. Signs and symptoms of cerebral palsy usually show in the first year of life
This abnormality in the motor system is the result of brain lesions that are non-progressive. The motor system of the body provides the ability to move and control movements. A brain lesion is any abnormality of brain structure or function. "Non-progressive" means that the lesion does not produce ongoing degeneration of the brain. It is also implies that the brain lesion is the result of a one-time brain injury, that will not occur again. Whatever the brain damage that occurred at the time of the injury is the extent of damage for the rest of the child's life.
In general, cerebral palsy causes impaired movement associated with exaggerated reflexes, floppiness or rigidity of the limbs and trunk, abnormal posture, involuntary movements, unsteadiness of walking, or some combination of these.People with cerebral palsy may have difficulty with swallowing and commonly have eye muscle imbalance. People with cerebral palsy may have reduced range of motion at various joints of their bodies due to muscle stiffness
The effect of cerebral palsy on functional abilities varies greatly. Some people are able to walk while others aren't able to walk. Some people show normal to near normal intellectual function, but others may have intellectual disabilities. Epilepsy, blindness or deafness also may be present.People with cerebral palsy often have underlying developmental brain abnormalities
In India, there are approximately 33,000 people with cerebral palsy. Worldwide, the incidence of cerebral palsy is 1 in 500 births. For most people with cerebral palsy, the cause is unknown. There is no known cure
- Autism
Autism is a distinct brain damage disorder that produces a characteristic range of behavioural abnormalities. Autism is known as a complex developmental disability. Experts believe that Autism presents itself during the first three years of a person's life. The condition is the result of a neurological disorder that has an effect on normal brain function, affecting development of the person's communication and social interaction skills. People with autism have issues with non-verbal communication, a wide range of social interactions, and activities that include an element of play and/or banter.
When a child is diagnosed with autism, it is a bewildering experience to say the least. The most comprehensive definition on autism has been brought out by the Autism Society of America (ASA) In lay terms, it is a neurological disorder that affects the way the child reacts to people and the environment (social bonding), learns language or communicates needs.
- Guest
What is Cerebral Palsy ?
Cerebral palsy (CP) is an abnormality of motor function (as opposed to mental function) and postural tone that is acquired at an early age, even before birth. Signs and symptoms of cerebral palsy usually show in the first year of life
